![]() ![]() Kip Thorne, scientific adviser to Christopher Nolan’s famous film and author of The Science of Interstellar, compares the curvature of space with an ant on a trampoline. Supermassive black hole from the Interstellar movie Strictly speaking, the very concepts of “space” and “time” in it cease to have any meaning, so all the known laws of physics no longer apply to describe these two concepts. This point is known as the gravitational singularity. Therefore, physical laws are not violated.Īs you move deeper into the black hole, space-time continues to warp and becomes infinitely warped at its center. These two people will never meet again and will not be able to compare their observations. Scientists call this paradoxical combination the “paradox of the disappearance of information in a black hole.” American physicist Leonard Susskind realized that there is no such thing as a paradox - just two human states are explained in terms of the impressions of those who fell into a black hole and those who observe the process. Otherwise, the General Theory of Relativity will be violated. ![]() On the other hand, the laws of physics also require that a person or any other body fly across the horizon alive and unharmed, without encountering any unusual dangerous phenomena in its path. The fact is that, according to physical principles, no medium (ie any physical body, including human) is able to cross the horizon of events and must remain outside it, otherwise all available information will be lost to our world. In one reality he or she will be instantly incinerated, in another one he or she will dive deep into a black hole alive and unharmed. In an article that became most read in 2015, the BBC Earth correspondent Amanda Gefter predicts that by the time a person reaches the event horizon, reality will be divided in two. Will he or she be absorbed by a black hole, or will he or she be just torn apart by tidal forces? Or will he or she find a back wall of a bookcase there, as we’ve seen in the American science fiction film Interstellar? Scientists do not know what awaits a person falling under the event horizon. Eventually, it will lose its weight and disappear. Despite the fact that matter cannot escape beyond the event horizon, a black hole gradually “evaporates” due to this radiation. This phenomenon is called “Hawking radiation” - after the British theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, who was first to describe it. Due to the quantum effects on it there are streams of particles that break out into the surrounding space. Such objects can also be formed by merging massive stars in star clusters. This process assumes that the mass of the resulting object will be approximately equal to the sum of the masses of its “predecessors”. Supermassive black holes are formed by the merging of less massive black holes located in the centers of galaxies. Image of a black hole in the center of the galaxy M87 in polarized light. After depletion of hydrogen-helium “fuel” in the center of such a luminary, it begins to compress, because the internal pressure created by the release of energy during fusion reactions can no longer maintain a steady state of the star, and under its own gravity it rapidly collapses into a massive non-radiating object that we can observe, for example, in a close binary system due to the accretion disk formed by the “flow” of the companion star’s substance on it. According to this indicator, scientists distinguish black holes of stellar mass, intermediate mass and supermassive black holes.īlack holes of stellar masses are the final stage in the evolution of massive stars. It is 6.5 billion times heavier than the Sun. For example, a black hole in the distant galaxy M87, which scientists have been able to register, has a size comparable to our solar system. Astrophysical black holes are small but very massive space objects that do not emit light or other electromagnetic waves at all. Source: NASAįrom the point of view of astrophysics, black holes are the final stage in the evolution of stars. Computer animation of a black hole with an accretion disk, created by NASA experts. The boundary of this area is called the event horizon. Let’s figure out what black holes are, what may happen to the person inside one of them, where they come from and why these misterious objects have been stirring our imagination for decades.Ī black hole is an area of space-time that has such a strong gravitational pull that no particle or electromagnetic radiation can escape from it. The press conference, where the results of the scientific discovery were presented, was held in six cities at once - from Washington to Brussels and Tokyo. In the spring of 2019, a photo of a black hole (more precisely, its “silhouette”) flew around the Internet. ![]()
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